MINERÍA la mejor puerta de acceso al sector minero EDICIÓN 576 / SEPTIEMBRE 2025 110 FlowSim es un simulador de flujo gravitacional, aplicado a operaciones subterráneas explotadas por métodos de Sublevel Caving desarrollado por BCTEC, el cual ha sido validado mediante experimentos de laboratorio y aplicaciones a escala mina (Valencia, 2013; Fuentes, 2015; Castro et al., 2006, 2018). FlowSim SLC considera una secuencia de abanicos o rings de extracción, que constituyen la applications (Valencia, 2013; Fuentes, 2015; Castro et al., 2006, 2018). FlowSim SLC considers a sequence of extraction fans or rings, which constitute the basic mining unit in Sublevel Caving. It enables the creation of production plans by incorporating planning criteria. Figure 8 shows a gravity flow simulation in FlowSim SLC for Catalina Huanca in Melisa 3, where the evolution of the flow can be observed along with the production plan for the extraction of different levels, thus allowing the estimation of extractable tonnage, extractable grades, and mining recovery. This type of visualization makes it possible to study the evolution of the flow and to identify potential zones of remnant ore. Mine design refinement and production plan development In order to develop a production plan, certain geomechanical and planning criteria must be defined and tailored to the mining method to be implemented. In this case, the criteria applied are as follows: Extraction is carried out level by level, in a downward sequence. Within the same level, the fan-shaped extraction sequence follows a V-pattern, starting from the central drift and advancing toward the bypass, as shown in Figure 9. The estimated tonnage per fan is 1,250 tons, with a minimum extraction of 400 tons. For the Melissa 3 and Doña María Piso 6 areas, plans were evaluated that allowed extracting up to 150% of the fan tonnage. The extraction rate is 420 tpd during the first six months, increasing to 720 tpd from the seventh month onwards, without exceeding 400 tpd per fan. Figura 9. Secuencia de extracción. Figure 9. Extraction Sequence. Figura 8. Set de visualizaciones del flujo gravitacional para la extracción de Melisa 3. Figure 8. Set of gravitational flow visualizations for the extraction of Melisa 3.
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