MINERÍA la mejor puerta de acceso al sector minero EDICIÓN 576 / SEPTIEMBRE 2025 164 Alrededor del ¿1438? el Inca Pachacútec se consolida como gobernante e inicia una gran expansión territorial, sometiendo a gran número de poblaciones a su política imperial, entre ellas, a las que se encontraban en los antiguos territorios de los Paracas y Nasca. Huayurí al parecer fue un sitio preinca, según los arqueólogos, imperante desde el año 1100 hasta el 1476, al parecer fue destruida por los incas enviados por Pachacútec. Sus restos arqueológicos todavía son visibles, Huayurí está próxima a la ciudad de Palpa. Palpa está situado en un territorio desértico, en uno de los más áridos del mundo, con unos 5 mm de precipitación anual, no existe casi vegetación en este territorio, salvo en los valles de los ríos Palpa, Grande, Santa Cruz y Viscas. El clima es semicálido, de unos 17 a 30 grados centígrados de temperatura anual. El territorio ocupado por la provincia de Palpa está en la llamada franja aurífera de Nasca-Ocoña, una gran zona geológica-minera de la costa sur peruana, que incluye desde Ica hasta Arequipa y gran parte de Ayacucho, casi 550 km de largo por unos 110 km de ancho, es decir, un área aproximada de 60,500 km² con una altitud máxima 2,900 msnm. Esta franja aurífera de Nasca-Ocoña emplazada en la parte baja y media del extremo occidental andino, es de gran interés gracias a los yacimientos de oro allí presentes. Los yacimientos de oro existentes en el territorio de Palpa son de origen hidrotermal, de carácter filoneano que alternan con yacimientos de cobre y que se and 100 A.D., and its history has been divided into two periods: (a) Paracas Cavernas and (b) Paracas Necrópolis. Paracas Cavernas is characterized by the shape of its tombs: uterine or wide-bottle-shaped with a long neck, measuring 5 to 6 meters in diameter at the base. Its textiles show Chavín-like influence, and its polychrome ceramics stand out. They also worked with gold, which they hammered into sheets to produce diadems, nose ornaments, and ear ornaments; they also transformed it into threads for their adornments. Paracas Necrópolis is distinctive for the large spaces where they placed their dead, likely beginning around 500 B.C. Its ceramics show little variation. In medicine, they practiced cranial trepanations. Gold was used to make necklaces, bracelets, and other pieces that were placed on various parts of the body. Paracas textiles are considered the most outstanding of all pre-Hispanic societies. Nasca developed between 400 B.C. and 600 A.D. Its area of influence extended as far as Pisco (Ica) to the northwest, Acari (Arequipa) to the south, and Lucanas (Ayacucho) to the east. Its main ceremonial center was Cahuachi. Nasca ceramics stand out for their pictorial quality. Their irrigation technique is noteworthy, and the use of gold was very similar to that of Paracas, limited to the making of diadems, nose ornaments, and other items used to adorn their clothing. Nasca is a variation of the Quechua term nanasca, which would mean “chastened” or “wounded”, perhaps due to some punishment imposed or a calamity suffered in the area. The causes of the decline of these cultures are unknown, although it is believed that a prolonged drought may have been the decisive factor; only very small populations would have managed to survive. Around the year 1438(?), Inca Pachacútec consolidated his rule and began a vast territorial expansion, subjugating numerous populations to his imperial policies, including those who inhabited the former territories of the Paracas and Nasca. Huayurí appears to have been a pre-Inca site, according to archaeologists, thriving from around 1100 to 1476. It seems to have been destroyed by the Incas sent by Pachacútec; its archaeological remains Geoglifo. Tumi. Geoglyph. Tumi.
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