MINERÍA la mejor puerta de acceso al sector minero MINERÍA / ABRIL 2023 / EDICIÓN 547 47 Abstract The Bayóvar phosphate deposit in Sechura, Piura, Peru, has been known since the 1960s and as Direct Application Phosphate Rock (DAPR) since the 1970s. However, its direct application rock characteristics were studied mostly based on chemical characterization and solubility studies, with little emphasis on physical and mineralogical characterization studies. In general, phosphate rock from Sechura has been used as raw material for the production of phosphoric acid and fertilizer derivatives such as TSP, DAP and MAP, and if a cluster with a smelter and sulfide refinery is established, the production of SSP due to the accessibility of sulfuric acid. Sechura is a rock that presents filtration problems that can limit the production capacity of phosphoric acid plants. This paper proposes that a complete characterization of the washed or beneficiated phosphate product from Sechura should be carried out in order to determine certain characteristics that will allow a better utilization of the phosphate rock. For example, the use of particle size related to its mineralogy, chemical composition and solubility, in order to obtain the optimum yield as a direct application phosphate rock and the optimum fraction for the production of phosphoric acid. The performance of the phosphate rock could be tested in a continuously operating pilot plant system. Thus, these systematic studies would lead to the production of a natural fertilizer and therefore marketed with much higher added value, the remnant of the improved phosphate rock being marketed for the production of phosphoric acid. Under this approach, the mining producer obtains greater economic benefit for their products and the agricultural industry, both for crops and for livestock pasture improvement, DAPR, which is a natural, chemical-free product (more environmentally friendly) and more efficient due to its relatively slow dissolution compared to soluble fertilizers such as TSP, DAP and MAP and SSP if sulfuric acid is accessible. For example, direct application phosphate rock from Sechura could provide 50% to 55% of its phosphate content in the first year, 80% to 85% in the second year, and up to 95% in the third year, requiring reapplication in the fourth year. In this way, mining contributes to agriculture by providing better products, reducing costs and improving efficiencies. Bajo este enfoque, el productor minero obtiene mayor beneficio económico por sus productos y la industria agropecuaria, tanto para cultivos como para mejora de pastos para ganado, DAPR, que es un producto natural, libre de químicos (más amigable con el medio ambiente) y más eficiente debido a su relativa lenta disolución comparado con fertilizantes solubles como TSP, DAP y MAP y SSP, si el ácido sulfúrico es accesible. Por ejemplo, la roca fosfórica de aplicación directa de Sechura podría aportar el 50% al 55% de su contenido de fosfato en el primer año, de 80% al 85% en el segundo y hasta 95% en el tercero, requiriendo una reaplicación al cuarto año. De esta manera, la minería contribuye con el agro proporcionando mejores productos, reduciendo costos y perfeccionando eficiencias. Introducción El depósito de fosfatos en Sechura (Piura), es conocido desde los años 60 y como roca fosfórica de aplicación directa (DAPR, por sus siglas en inglés) desde los 70. Durante los años 80,
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