MINERÍA la mejor puerta de acceso al sector minero MINERÍA / FEBRERO 2022 / EDICIÓN 533 37 Abstract TThe importance of 3D geomechanical model applied to mining operations is mainly to have a better understanding of the relationship between the geological context and the behavior of the rock mass for the safety and integrity of workers and their environment throughout the mining operation by maintaining stable pits, drifts, etc. In heterogeneous rock masses, such as Catalina Huanca underground mine, due to the inherent geological complexity, the characterization of the geomechanical parameters is very complex and is still subject to high uncertainties. This mine produced a large amount of data as a guide to establish homogeneous geomechanical zones. However, if it is properly analyzed, these data could provide more valuable information that can be used in situations where knowledge about the rock mass is limited. For this amount of available data, we decided to use statistics as the base of the analysis. The proposed methodology employs the use of geostatistical techniques in physical data to identify the three-dimensional trends of the rock mass characteristics in large-scale, such as structural domains, areas of high or low resistance material, and the quality of the rock mass. The method consists of generating a series of geometric models based on RMR89 values of drill holes in combination with the structural mapping of pits. The estimation procedure is detailed considering exploratory data analysis, data validation, variogram analysis, ordinary kriging, model validation, and estimation results. This is how we generate a 3D model that can be used to analyze the stability and type of support to be required for any future pit within the area. This methodology is proposed as a simple and low-cost alternative for the characterization of complex and heterogeneous rock masses; using data available in a mining operation. In addition, the results show that the proposed methodology is applicable and adaptable to different underground mining operations, giving a preliminary estimate of the conditions of the rock mass in-situ for the pre-feasibility study. Then, if we know and define the quality of the rock mass previously, we can size and design the support appropriately, and choose a safe and efficient mining method. Finally, the validation techniques of the estimated RMR89 values included the visual validation of models, the global estimation validation, and the local estimation validation using “Swath Plot”. Se propone esta metodología como una alternativa simple y de bajo costo, para la caracterización de macizos rocosos complejos y heterogéneos, utilizando datos comúnmente disponibles en una operación minera. Además, los resultados demuestran que el método propuesto es aplicable y adaptable a distintas operaciones mineras subterráneas, generando una estimación preliminar de las condiciones del macizo rocoso in situ para el estudio de prefactibilidad, ya que al conocer y definir la calidad del macizo rocoso de manera previa podemos dimensionar y diseñar de manera adecuada el sostenimiento y optar por un método de minado seguro y productivo. Finalmente, las técnicas de validación de los valores RMR89 estimados incluyeron el control visual de los modelos, la comprobación del cálculo global y la evaluación de la estimación local mediante Swath Plot. Introducción Dentro de la vida de una mina, se van generando proyectos de desarrollo, los cuales tienen por objetivo prolongar su vida útil, ampliar las capacidades de producción, etc. Estas normalmente empiezan como proyectos donde es necesario hacer la evaluación de los riesgos y tomar las medidas de control, para posteriormente evaluar la factibilidad del mismo.
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